鋼片及線 – 目錄


第一章 物料科學及金屬材料的性能及試驗
Chapter one Material Science & Properties of & testing of metal

1.0 物料科學
Material Science 		3 – 8
1.1 物料科學定義Material Science Definition 3
(a) 加工性能
Machinability		  
(b) 強度
Strength		  
(c) 抗腐蝕及耐用 Corrosion & resistance durability  
(d) 金屬特性
Special metallic features		  
(e) 抗敏感及環境保護
Allergic, re-cycling & environmental protection		  
1.2 化學元素
Chemical element		 4
1.2.1 元素的原子序數
Atom of Elements		 4
1.2.2 原子及固體物質
Atom and solid material		 4
1.2.3 原子的組成、大小、體積和單位圖表
The size, mass, charge of an atom, and is particles (Pronton,Nentron and Electron) 		4 - 5
1.2.4 原子的組織圖
Atom Constitutes 		6
1.2.5 週期表
Periodic Table 		7
1.2.6 原子鍵結
Atom Bonding 		8
2.0 金屬與合金 Metal and Alloy 11
2.1 鐵及非鐵金屬
Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal		 11
2.2 金屬的特性
Features of Metal 		11
3.0 晶體結構 Crystal Pattern 12 - 15
3.1 晶體結構，定向格子及單位晶格
Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cell 		12
3.2 X線結晶分析法
X – ray crystal analyics method 		12
3.3 金屬結晶格子 Metal space lattice 12 - 13
3.4 格子常數 Lattice constant 13 – 15
4.0 米勒指數 Mill's Index 16
5.0 金相及相律 Metal Phase and Phase Rule 17
5.1 固熔體 Solid solution 17
5.2 置換型固熔體 Substitutional type solid solution 17
5.3 插入型固熔體 Interstital solid solution 17
6.0 金屬間化物 Intermetallic compound 18
7.0 金屬變態
Transformation 		18
  變態點
Transformation Point		  
  磁性變態
Magnetic Transformation		  
  同素變態
Allotropic Transformation		  
8.0 合金平衡狀態
Thermal Equilibrium 		18
9.0 相律
Phase Rule		 18 - 19
9.1 自由度
Degree of freedom 		18 – 19
9.2 臨界溫度
Critical temperture		 19
10.0 共晶
Eutectic 		19
  包晶溫度 Peritectic Temperature  
  包晶反應 Peritectic Reaction  
  包晶合金 Peritectic Alloy  
  亞共晶體 Hypoeutetic Alloy  
  過共晶體 Hyper-ectectic Alloy  
11.0 金屬的相融、相融溫度、晶體反應及合金在共晶合金、固熔孻共晶合金及偏晶反應的比較
Equilibrium Comparision 		20
12.0 金屬塑性 Plastic Deformation 21
  滑動面 Slip Plan  
  畸變 Distortion  
  硬化 Work Hardening  
13.0 退火 Annealing 21
  回復柔軟 Crystal Recovery  
  再結晶 Recrystallization  
14.0 金屬材料的性能及試驗
Properties & testing of metal 		25 - 28
14.1 化學性能
Chemical Properties		 25
14.2 物理性能
Physical Properties		 25
(a) 顏色
Colour		 25
(b) 磁性
Magnetisum 		25
(c) 比電阻
Specific resistivity & specific resistance 		25
(d) 比重
Specific gravity & specific density		 26
(e) 比熱
Specific Heat		 26
(f)

熱膨脹系數
Coefficient of thermal expansion

26
(g) 導熱度
Heat conductivity 		27
14.3 機械性能 Mechanical properties 27
(a) 屈服強度(降伏強度) (Yield strangth) 27
(b) 彈性限度、陽氏彈性系數及屈服點
elastic limit, Yeung's module of elasticity to yield point 		27
(c) 伸長度
Elongation 		28
(d) 斷面縮率
Reduction of area		 28
15.0 金屬材料的試驗方法
The Method of Metal inspection 		29 - 31
15.1 不破壞檢驗
Non – destructive inspections		 29
(a) 滲透探傷法
Penetrate inspection 		29
(b) 磁粉探傷法
Magnetic particle inspection		 29
(c) 放射線探傷法
Radiographic inspection 		29
(d) 超聲波探傷法
Ultrasonic inspection 		29
(e) 顯微觀察法
Microscopic inspection		 29
15.2 破壞的檢驗
Destructive Inspection		 30
15.3 衝擊測試
Impact Test		 30
15.4 疲勞測試
Fatigue Test		 30
15.5 潛變測試 Creep Test 30 - 31
  潛變強度
Creeps Strength 		 
  第壹潛變期
Primary Creep		  
  第二潛變期
Secondary Creep		  
  第三潛變期
Tertiary Creep		  
16.0 主要金屬元素之物理性質
Physical properties of major Metal Elements		 32 – 33
17.0 工業標準及規格 – 鐵及非鐵金屬
Industrial Standard – Ferrous & Non – ferrous Metal 		34 - 36
     
 

第二章 磁學
Chapter two Magnetism

 
18.0 磁力 Magnetic 40 - 42
18.1 簡介 General 40
18.1.1 軟磁 Soft Magnetic  
18.1.2 硬磁 Hard Magnetic  
18.2 磁場 Magnetic Field 40 – 41
18.3 磁性感應 Magnetic Induction 41
18.4 透磁度 Magnetic Permeability 41
18.5 磁化率 Magnetic Susceptibility (Xm) 41 – 42
18.6 磁力(Magnetic Force)及磁場(Magnetic Field)是因物料裏的電子(Electron)活動而產生 42
19.0 抗磁體、順磁體、鐵磁體、反鐵磁體及亞鐵磁體
Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetism,Antiferromagnetism & Ferrimagnetism 		43 - 45
19.1 抗磁體 Diamagnetism 43
  磁偶極子 Dipole  
  負磁力效應 Negative effect  
19.2 順磁體 Paramagnetic 43
  正磁化率 Positive magnetic susceptibility 43
19.3 鐵磁體 Ferromagnetism 43
  轉變元素 Transition element  
  交換能量 Positive energy exchange  
  外價電子 Outer valence electrons  
  化學結合 Chemical bond  
  自發上磁 Spontaneous magnetization  
  磁疇 Magnetic domain  
  相反旋轉 Opposite span  
19.4 比較抗磁體、順磁體及鐵磁體
Comparison of Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic & Ferromagnetism 		44
19.5 反鐵磁體 Antiferromagnetism 45
19.6 亞鐵磁體 Ferrimagnetism 45
  磁矩 magnetic moment  
  淨磁矩 Net magnetic moment  
     
     
 

第三章 鐵鋼及特殊鋼
Chapter Three Steel & Special Steel

 
21.0 鋼鐵
Steel 		49
21.1 鋼鐵的主要成份
The major element of steel 		49
21.2 鋼鐵用"碳"之含量來分類
Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents		 49
21.3 鐵相
Steel Phases		 49
21.4 鋼鐵的名稱
Name of steel		 49
  純鐵體
Ferrite		 49
  滲碳體
Cementitle		 49
  奧氏體 Austenite  
22.0 珠光體及共釋鋼
Pearlite &Eutectoid 		50
22.1 奧氏體碳鋼
Austenite Carbon Steel 		 
  單相金屬
Single Phase Metal 		 
  共釋變態
Eutectoid Transformation 		 
  珠光體 Pearlite  
22.2

亞鐵釋體
Hyppo-Eutectoid

50
  初釋純鐵體 Pro-entectoid ferrite  
22.3 過共釋鋼 Hype-eutectoid 50
22.4 珠光體
Pearlite 		50
  粗珠光體 Coarse pearlite  
  中珠光體 Medium pearlite  
  幼珠光體 Fine pearlite  
22.5

磁性變態點 Magnetic Transformation

50
23.0 鋼鐵的製造
Manufacturing of Steel 		51
  連續鑄造法 Continuous casting process  
  電爐 Electric furnace  
  均熱爐 Soaking pit  
  全靜鋼 Killed steel  
  半靜鋼 Semi-killed steel  
  沸騰鋼(未淨鋼) Rimmed steel  
24.0 鋼鐵生產流程 Steel Production Flow Chart 52
25.0 鋼材的熔鑄、鍛造、擠壓及延軋
The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel 		53
(a) 熔鑄 Casting  
(b) 鍛造 Fogging  
(c) 擠壓 Extrusion  
(d) 延軋 Rolling  
(e) 沖剪 Drawing & stamping  
26.0 特殊鋼 Special Steel 57 - 60
26.1 簡介
General		 57
26.2 特殊鋼以原素分類
Classification of Special Steel according to Element 		57
26.3 特殊鋼以用途來分類
Classification of Special Steel according to End Usage 		58
26.4 易車(快削)不銹鋼
Free Cutting Stainless Steel 		59
26.5 含鉛易車鋼
Leaded Free Cutting Steel 		59
26.6 含硫易車鋼
Sulphuric Free Cutting Steel 		59
26.7 硬化性能
Hardenability 		59 – 60
27.0 鋼的脆性
Brittleness of Steel 		60
27.1 低溫脆性 Cold brittleness 60
27.2 回火脆性 Temper brittleness 60
28.0 日工標準下的特殊鋼材
Specail Steel according to JIS Standard 		61 - 65
28.1 鉻鋼 – 日工標準 JIS G4104
Chrome steel to JIS G4104 		61
28.2 鉻鉬鋼鋼材 – 日工標準 G4105 62
Chrome Molybdenum steel to JIS G4105 		 
28.3 鎳鉻 – 日工標準 G4102 63
Chrome Nickel steel to JIS G4102 		 
28.4 鎳鉻鉬鋼 – 日工標準 G4103 64
Nickel, Chrome & Molybdenum Steel to JIS G4103 		 
28.5 高錳鋼鑄 – 日工標準
High manganese steel to JIS standard 		65
  第四章 片及板材
Chapter Four-Strip, Steel & Plate		  
31.0 冷轆低碳鋼片(雙單光片)(日工標準 JIS G3141) 73 - 95
Cold Rolled (Low carbon) Steel Strip (to JIS G 3141)		 73
31.1 簡介
General 		 
31.2 美材試標準的冷轆低碳鋼片
Cold Rolled Steel Strip American Standard – American Society for testing and materials (ASTM) 		73
31.3 日工標準JIS G3141冷轆低碳鋼片(雙單光片)的編號淺釋
Decoding of cold rolled(Low carbon)steel strip JIS G3141 		74
31.3.1 材料的加工性能 Drawing abillity 74
31.3.2 硬度 Hardness 75
31.3.3 表面處理 Surface finish 75
31.4 冷轆鋼綑片及張片製作流程圖表
Production flow chart cold rolled steel coil sheet 		76 - 77
31.5 冷轆鋼綑片及張片的電鍍和印刷方法
Cold rolled steel coil & sheet electro-plating & painting method 		78
31.6 冷轆(低碳)鋼片的分類用、途、工業標準、品質、加熱狀態及硬度表
End usages, industrial standard, quality, condition and hardness of cold rolled steel strip 		79
31.7 硬度及拉力 Hardness & Tensile strength test 81
31.8 拉伸測試(順紋測試)
Elongation test 		81
31.9 杯突測試(厚度: 0.4公釐至1.6公釐，準確至0.1公釐 3個試片平均數)
Erichsen test (Thickness: 0.4mm to 1.6mm, figure round up to 0.1mm)		 82
31.10 曲面(假曲率)
Camber 		82
31.11 厚度及闊度公差 Tolerance on Thickness & Width 82
31.12 平坦度(闊度大於500公釐，標準回火)
Flatness (width>500mm, temper: standard) 		83
31.13 彎度 Camber 83
31.14 冷轆鋼片儲存與處理提示
General advice on handling & storage of cold rolled steel coil & sheet 		84
31.14.1 防止生銹
Rust Protection 		84
31.14.2 生銹速度表
Speed of rusting		 84
31.14.3 焊接 Welding 85
  氣焊 Gas Welding  
  埋弧焊 Submerged-arc Welding  
  電阻焊 Resistance Welding  
31.15 冷轆鋼片(拉力: 30-32公斤/平方米)在沒有表面處理狀態下的焊接狀況

Spot welding conditions for bared (free from paint, oxides etc) Cold rolled mild steel sheets(T/S:30-32 Kgf/ μ m2) 		86
31.16 時間效應(老化)及拉伸應變
Aging & Stretcher Strains 		87
31.17 日工標準(JIS G3141)冷轆鋼片化學成份
Chemical composition – cold rolled steel sheet to JIS G3141 		88
31.18 冷轆鋼片的"理論重量"計算方程式
Cold Rolled Steel Sheet – Theoretical mass 		89
31.19 日工標準(JIS G3141)冷轆鋼片重量列表
Mass of Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet to JIS G3141 		90
31.20 冷轆鋼片訂貨需知
Ordering of cold rolled steel strip/sheet 		92 - 93
31.21 其他日工標準冷軋鋼片(用途及編號)
JIS standard & application of other cold Rolled Special Steel 		95
32.0 電鍍鋅鋼片或電解鋼片
Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet/Electrolytic Zinc Coated Steel Sheet 		101 - 114
32.1 簡介
General 		101
32.2 電解/電鍍鋅大大增強鋼片的防銹能力
Galvanic Action improving Weather & Corrosion Resistance of the Base Steel Sheet 		101
32.3 上漆能力 Paint Adhesion 101
32.4 電鍍鋅鋼片的焊接
Welding of Electro-galvanized steel sheet		 102
32.5 點焊
Spot welding		 102
32.6 滾焊
Seam welding 		103
32.7 電鍍鋅(電解)鋼片
Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet		 105
  生產流程
Production Flow Chart		  
32.8 常用的鍍鋅鋼片(電解片)的基層金屬、用途、日工標準、美材標準及一般厚度

Base metal, application, JIS & ASTM standard, and Normal thickness of galvanized steel sheet 		106 - 107
32.9 鋅鍍層質量 Zinc Coating Mass 108
32.10 表面處理 Surface Treatment 109
32.11 冷軋鋼片 Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet/Strip 110
32.12 熱軋鋼片 Hot-Rolled Sheet/Strip 111
32.13 電解冷軋鋼片厚度公差
Thickness Tolerance of Electrolytic Cold-rolled sheet 		112
32.14 熱軋鋼片厚度公差
Thickness Tolerance of Hot-rolled sheet 		113
32.15 冷軋或熱軋鋼片闊度公差
Width Tolerance of Cold or Hot-rolled sheet 		113
32.16 長度公差 Length Tolerance 113
32.17 理論質量 Theoretical Mass 114
32.18 鋅鍍層質量(兩個相同鋅鍍層厚度)
Mass Calculation of coating (For equal coating)/MM 		114
32.19 鋅鍍層質量(兩個不同鋅鍍層厚度)
Mass Calculation of coating (For differential coating)/MM 		114
33.0 鍍錫薄鐵片(白鐵皮/馬口鐵) (日工標準 JIS G3303) 119 - 125
33.1 簡介
General		 119
33.2 鍍錫薄鐵片的構造
Construction of Electrolytic Tinplate 		119
33.3 鍍錫薄鋼片(白鐵皮/馬日鐵)製造過程
Production Process of Electrolytic Tinplate 		120
33.4 錫層質量
Mass of Tin Coating (JIS G3303-1987) 		121
33.4.1 兩面均等錫層
Both Side Equally Coated Mass 		121
33.4.2 兩面不均等錫層
Both Side Different Thickness Coated Mass 		121
33.5 級別、電鍍方法、鍍層質量及常用稱號
Grade, Plating type, Designation of Coating Mass & Common Coating Mass 		121
33.6 鍍層質量標記
Markings & Designations of Differential Coatings 		122
33.7 硬度 Hardness 122
33.7.1 單相軋壓鍍錫薄鐵片(白鐵皮/馬口鐵)
Single-Reduced Tinplate 		122
33.8 雙相輾壓鍍錫薄鋼片(馬口鐵/白鐵皮)
Dual-Reduction Tinplate 		123
33.9 鋼的種類 Type of Steel 123
33.10 表面處理 Surface Finish 124
33.11 常用尺寸 Commonly Used Size 125
34.0 電器用矽 [硅] 鋼片 Electrical Steel Sheet 131 - 148
34.1 簡介 General 132 – 133
34.1.1 軟磁材料 Soft Magnetic Material 132
34.1.2 滯後回線 Narrow Hystersis 132
34.1.3 矯頑磁力 Coercive Force 132
34.1.4 硬磁材料 Hard Magnetic Material 132
34.1.5 最大能量積 Maximum Energy Product 133
34.1.6 硅含量對電器用的低碳鋼片的最大好處
The Advantage of Using Silicon low Carbon Steel 		133
34.1.7 晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented)及非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented)
Grain Oriented & Non-Oriented		 133
34.2 電器用矽 [硅] 鋼片的最終用途及規格
End Usage and Designations of Electrical Steel Strip 		134
34.3 電器用的矽 [硅] 鋼片之分類
Classification of Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use 		135
34.4 電器用鋼片的絕緣塗層
Performance of Surface Insulation of Electrical Steel Sheets 		136
34.5 晶粒取向電器用矽鋼片主要工業標準
International Standard – Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use 		137
34.5.1 晶粒取向電器用矽鋼片 Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel 137
34.6 晶粒取向，定取向芯鋼片及高硼定取向芯鋼片之磁力性能及夾層系數(日工標準及美材標準)

Magnetic Properties and Lamination Factor of SI-ORIENT-CORE& SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI B Electrical Steel Strip (JIS and AISI Standard)		 138 - 139
34.7 退火Annealing 140
34.7.1 電器用鋼片用家需自行應力退火原因
Annealing of the Electrical Steel Sheet		 140
34.7.2 退火時注意事項 Annealing Precautionary 140
(a) 碳污染 Prevent Carbon Contamination 141
(b) 熱力應先從工件邊緣透入
Heat from the Laminated Stacks Edges		 141
(c) 提防過份氧化
No Excessive Oxidation		 141
(d) 應力退火溫度
Stress –relieving Annealing Temperature 		141
34.8 晶粒取向電器用矽 [硅] 鋼片 – 高硼(HI-B)定取向芯鋼片及定取向芯鋼片之機械性能及夾層系數

Mechanical Properties and Lamination Factors of SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI-B and SI-ORIENT-CORE Grain Orient Electrical Steel Sheets		 142
34.9 晶粒取向電器用矽 [硅] 鋼;片 – 高硼低硫(LS)定取向 鋼片之磁力及電力性能

Magnetic and Electrical Properties of SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI-B-LS		 142
34.10 晶粒取向電器用矽 [硅] 鋼片 – 高硼低硫(LS) 定取向鋼片之機械性能及夾層系數

Mechanical Properties and Lamination Factors of SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI-B-LS		 143
34.11 晶粒取向電器用矽(硅)鋼片-高硼(HI-B)定取向 芯鋼片，定取向芯鋼片及高硼低硫(LS)定取向芯鋼片之厚度及闊度公差

Physical Tolerance of SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI-B, SI-ORIENT-CORE, & SI-CORE-HI-B-LS Grain
Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets		 144
34.12 晶粒取向電器用矽(硅)鋼片 – 高硼(HI-B)定取向 芯鋼片，定取向芯鋼片及高硼低硫(LS)定取向芯鋼片之標準尺寸及包裝

Standard Forms and Size of SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI-B,SI-CORE, & SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI-B-LS Grain-
Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets		 145
34.13 絕緣表面 Surface Insulation 145
34.14 非晶粒取向電力用鋼片的電力、磁力、機械性能 及夾層系數

Lamination Factors of Electrical, Magnetic & Mechanical Non-Grain Oriented Electrical		 146
34.15 電器及家電外殼用鍍層冷轆 [低碳] 鋼片
Coated (Low Carbon) Steel Sheets for Casing,Electricals & Home Appliances		 147 - 148
35.0 鍍鋁硅鋼片 Aluminized Silicon Alloy Steel Sheet 153 - 159
35.1 簡介 General 153
35.2 鍍鋁硅合金鋼片的特色
Feature of Aluminized Silicon Alloy Steel Sheet 		153
35.3 用途
End Usages 		153
35.4 抗化學品能力
Chemical Resistance 		153
35.5 鍍鋁(硅)鋼片 – 日工標準(JIS G3314)
Hot-aluminum-coated sheets and coils to JIS G 3314 		154
35.6

鍍鋁(硅)鋼片 – 美材試標準(ASTM A-463-77)35.7 JIS G3314鍍熱浸鋁片的機械性能

Mechanical Properties of JIS G 3314 Hot-Dip Aluminum-coated Sheets and Coils

 154
35.8 公差 Size Tolerance 155
35.9 鍍鋁(硅)鋼片及其他種類鋼片的抗腐蝕性能比較
Comparsion of various resistance of aluminized steel & other kinds of steel		 156
35.10 鍍鋁(硅)鋼片生產流程
Aluminum Steel Sheet, Production Flow Chart		 157
35.11 焊接能力 Weldability 158
35.12 鍍鋁鋼片的焊接狀態(比較冷轆鋼片)
Tips on welding of Aluminized sheet in comparasion with cold rolled steel strip		 159
36.0 鋼板
Steel Plate 		165
36.1

鋼板用途分類及各國鋼板的工業標準包括日工標準及美材試標準
Type of steel Plate & Related JIS, ASTM and Other Major Industrial Standards

 166 - 168
36.2 鋼板生產流程
Production Flow Chart		 169
36.3 鋼板訂貨需知
Ordering of Steel Plate 		170 - 171
37.0 不銹鋼
Stainless Steel		 175 - 203
37.1 不銹鋼的定義 Definition of Stainless Steel 175
37.2 不銹鋼之分類，耐腐蝕性及耐熱性
Classification, Corrosion Resistant & Heat Resistance of Stainless Steel 		176
37.2.1 鐵鉻系不銹鋼片
Chrome Stainless Steel 		176
A) 馬氏體不銹鋼
Martensite Stainless Steel
 
B) 低碳馬氏體不銹鋼
Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Steel 		 
C) 含鐵體不銹鋼
Ferrite Stainless Steel 		 
37.2.2 鎳鉻系不銹鋼
Nickel Chrome Stainless Steel 		177
37.2.3 釋出硬化不銹鋼
Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel 		 
37.2.4 鐵錳鋁不銹鋼
Fe / Mn / Al / Stainless Steel 		 
37.3 不銹鋼的磁性
Magnetic Property & Stainless Steel 		178
37.4 不銹鋼箔、卷片、片及板之厚度分類
Classification of Foil, Strip, Sheet & Plate by Thickness 		179
37.5 表面保護膠紙
Surface protection film		 180
37.6 不銹鋼片材常用代號
Designation of SUS Steel Special Use Stainless 		181
37.7 表面處理 Surface finish 182 – 183
37.8 薄卷片及薄片(0.3至2.9mm厚之片)機械性能
Mechanical Properties of Thin Stainless Steel(Thickness from 0.3mm to 2.9mm) – strip/sheet 		184
37.9 不銹鋼片機械性能(301, 304, 631, CSP)
Mechanical Properties of Spring use Stainless Steel 		185
37.10 不銹鋼 – 種類，工業標準，化學成份，特點及 主要用途

Stainless Steel – Type, Industrial Standard, Chemical Composition, Characteristic & end usage of the most commonly used Stainless Steel		 186 - 194
37.11.1 不銹鋼薄片用途例
End Usage of Thinner Gauge 		195
37.11.2 不銹鋼片、板用途例
Examples of End Usages of Strip, Sheet & Plate 		196
37.12 不銹鋼應力退火卷片常用規格名詞圖解
General Specification of Tension Annealed Stainless Steel Strips 		197 – 198
37.13 耐熱不銹鋼
Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel 		199
37.13.1 鎳鉻系耐熱不銹鋼特性、化學成份、及操作溫度
Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel 		199
37.13.2 鉻系耐熱鋼
Chrome Heat Resistance Steel 		200
37.13.3 鎳鉻耐熱鋼
Ni - Cr Heat Resistance Steel 		200
37.13.4 超耐熱鋼
Special Heat Resistance Steel 		200
37.13.5 抗熱超級合金
Heat Resistance Super Alloy 		200
37.13.6 耐熱不銹鋼比重表
Specific Gravity of Heat – resistance steel plates and sheets stainless steel 		201
37.14 不銹鋼材及耐熱鋼材標準對照表
Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steels 		202 - 203
38.0 發條片 Power Spring Strip 205 - 212
38.1 發條的分類及材料
Power Spring Strip Classification and Materials 		205
38.2.1 上鏈發條 Wind-up Spring  
38.2.2 倒後擦發條 Pull Back Power Spring 206
38.2.3 圓面("卜竹")發條 Convex Spring Strip 206
38.2.4 拉尺發條 Measure Tape 206
38.2.5 魔術手環 Magic Tape 206
38.2.6 魔術手環尺寸圖Drawing of Magic Tap 207
38.3 定型發條 Constant Torque Spring 207
38.4 定型發條及上鍊發條的驅動力
Spring Force of Constant Torque Spring and Wing-up Spring 		207
38.5 定型發條的形狀及翻動過程
Shape and Spring Back of Constant Torque Spring		 208
38.6 定型發條驅動力公式及代號
The Formula and Symbol of Constant Torque Spring 		208 - 209
38.7 邊緣處理 Edge Finish 210
38.8 硬度 Hardness 210
38.9

高碳鋼化學成份及用途
High Carbon Tool Steel, Chemical Composition and Usage

211
38.10 每公斤發條的長度簡易公式
The Length of 1 Kg of Spring Steel Strip 		211
38.11 SK-5 & AISI-301 每公斤長的重量/公斤(闊100-200公釐) Weight per one meter long (kg) (Width 100-200mm) 212
38.12 SK-5 & AISI-301 每公斤之長度(闊100-200公釐) Length per one kg (Width 100-200mm) 212
38.13 SK-5 & AISI-301 每公尺長的重量/公斤(闊2.0-10公釐)
Weight per one meter long (kg) (Width 2.0-10mm) 		212
38.14 SK-5 & AISI-301 每公斤之長度(闊2.0-10公釐)
Length per one kg (Width 2.0-10mm) 		212
39.0 高碳鋼片 High Carbon Steel Strip 214 - 222
39.1 分類
Classification 		214
39.1.1 用組織結構分類
Classification According to Grain Structure 		214
39.1.2 用含碳量分類 – 即低碳鋼、中碳鋼及高碳鋼
Classification According to Carbon Contains		 214
39.2 彈簧用碳鋼片
CarbonSteel Strip For Spring Use 		215
39.2.1 冷軋狀態 Cold Rolled Strip 215
39.2.2 回火狀態 Annealed Strip 215
39.2.3 淬火及回火狀態
Hardened & Tempered Strip/ Precision – Quenched Steel Strip 		215
39.2.4 貝氏體鋼片 Bainite Steel Strip 215
39.3 彈簧用碳鋼片材之邊緣處理 Edge Finished 216
39.4 淬火劑
Quenching Media 		216
39.5 碳鋼回火 Tempering 217
39.5.1 回火有低溫回火及高溫回火
Low & High Temperature Tempering 		217
39.5.2 高溫回火
High Temperature Tempering 		217
39.6 退火 Annealing 218
39.6.1 完全退火 Full Annealing 218
39.6.2 擴散退火 Diffusion Annealing 218
39.6.3 低溫退火 Low Temperature Annealing 218
39.6.4 中途退火 Process Annealing 218
39.6.5 球化退火 Spheroidizing Annealing 218
39.6.6 光輝退火 Bright Annealing 218
39.7 淬火 Quenching 219
39.7.1 時間淬火 Time Quenching 219
39.7.2 奧氏鐵孻回火 Austempering 220
39.7.3 馬氏鐵體淬火 Marquenching 220
39.7.4 高碳鋼片用途 End Usage of High Carbon Steel Strip 220
39.8 冷軋高碳鋼 – 日本工業標準
Cold-Rolled (Special Steel) Carbon Steel Strip to JIS G3311 		221 - 222
40.0 電鍍金屬鋼片 Plate Metal Strip 223 - 225
40.1 簡介 General 223
40.2 電鍍金屬綑片的優點
Advantage of Using Plate Metal Strip 		223
40.3 金屬綑片電鍍層
Plated Layer of Plated Metal Strip 		224
40.3.1 鍍鎳 Nickel Plated 224
40.3.2 鍍鉻 Chrome Plated 224
40.3.3 鍍黃銅 Brass Plated 224
40.4 基層金屬 Base Metal of Plated Metal Strip 225
40.4.1 低碳鋼或鐵基層金屬
Iron & Low Carbon as Base Metal 		225
40.4.2 不銹鋼基層金屬 Stainless Steel as Base Metal 225
40.4.3 銅基層金屬
Copper as Base Metal 		225
40.4.4 黃銅基層金屬
Brass as Base Metal		 225
41.0 軸承合金 Bearing Alloy 226 - 227
41.1 簡介
General		 226
41.2 軸承合金 – 日工標準 JIS H 5401
Bearing Alloy to JIS H 5401 		226
41.3 錫基、鉛基及鋅基軸承合金比較表
Comparison of Tin base, Lead base and Zinc base alloy for Bearing purpose		 227
42.0 易溶合金 Fusible Alloy 228
43.0

焊接合金 Soldering and Brazing Alloy

 229
43.1

軟焊 Soldering Alloy

 229
43.2 軟焊合金 – 日本標準 JIS H 4341
Soldering Alloy to JIS H 4341 		229
43.3 硬焊 Brazing Alloy 229
44.0 其他焊接材料請參閱日工標準目錄
Other Soldering Material 		229
     
     
 

第五章 細線材、枝材、棒材
Chapter Five Wire, Rod & Bar

 
45.0 線材/枝材材質分類及製成品
Classification and End Products of Wire/Rod		 232 - 234
45.1 鐵線(低碳鋼線)日工標準 JIS G 3532
Low Carbon Steel Wires ( Iron Wire ) to JIS G 3532 		235
45.1.1 光線(低碳鋼線)，火線(退火低碳鋼線)，鉛水線 (鍍鋅低碳鋼線)及製造釘用低碳鋼線之代號、公差及備註
Ordinary Low Carbon Steel Wire, Annealed Low Carbon Steel Wire, Galvanized low Carbon Steel Wire & Low Carbon Steel Wire for nail manufacturing - classification, Symbol of Grade, Tolerance and Remarks. 		235
45.1.2 機械性能
Mechanical Properites 		236
45.1.3 鋅包層之重量，銅硫酸鹽試驗之酸洗次數及測試用卷筒直徑

Weight of Zinc-Coating, Number of Dippings in Cupric Sulphate Test and Diameters of Mandrel Used for Coiling Test		 237
46.0 冷沖及冷鍛用碳鋼線枝
Carbon Steel Wire Rods for Cold Heading & Cold Forging (to JIS G3507)		 238 - 239
46.1 級別，代號及化學成份
Classification, Symbol of Grade and Chemical Composition 		238
46.2 直徑公差，偏圓度及脫碳層的平均深度
Diameter Tolerance, Ovality and Average Decarburized Layer Depth 		239
47.0 冷拉鋼枝材
Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Shafting Bar		 240 - 242
47.1 枝材之美工標準，日工標準，用途及化學成份
AISI, JIS End Usage and Chemical Composition of Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Shafting Bar 		240 - 241
47.2 冷拉鋼板重量表
Cold Drawn Steel Bar Weight Table 		242
48.0 高碳鋼線枝
High Carbon Steel Wire Rod (to JIS G3506)		 243
49.0 冷拉高碳鋼線
Hard Drawn High Carbon Steel Wire
(to JIS G3521, ISO-84580-1&2)		 245 - 246
49.1 化學成份分析表
Chemical Analysis of Wire Rod 		245
49.2 線徑、公差及機械性能(日本工業標準 G 3521)
Mechanical Properties (JIS G 3521)		 246
50.0 琴線(日本標準 G3522)
Piano Wires ( to G3522) 		247 - 266
50.1 級別，代號，扭曲特性及可用之線材直徑
Classes, symbols, twisting characteristic and applied Wire Diameters 		247
50.2 直徑，公差及拉力強度
Diameter, Tolerance and Tensile Strength 		248
50.3 裂紋之容許深度及脫碳層
Permissible depth of flaw and decarburized layer 		249
51.1 常用的彈簧不銹鋼線-編號，特性，表面處理及化學成份
StainlessSpring Wire – National Standard number, Charateristic, Surface finish & Chemical composition		 250 - 251
51.2 彈簧不銹鋼線，線徑及拉力列表
Stainless Spring Steel, Wire diameter and Tensile strength of Spring Wire		 252 - 253
51.3 處理及表面狀況
Finish & Surface 		254
51.4 各種不銹鋼線在不同處理拉力比較表
Tensile Strength of various kinds of Stainless Steel Wire under Different Finish 		255 – 256
51.5 圓徑及偏圓度之公差
Tolerance of Wire Diameters & Ovality 		257
51.6 鉻鎳不銹鋼及抗熱鋼彈簧線材 –
美國材驗學會 ASTM A313 – 1987
Chromium – Nickel Stainless and Heat-resisting Steel Spring Wire – ASTM A313 – 1987		 258
51.6.1 化學成份 Chemical Composition 258
51.6.2 機械性能 Mechanical Properties 259 – 260
51.7 305, 316, 321及347之拉力表
Tensile Strength Requirements for Types 305, 316, 321 and 347 		261
51.8 A1S1-302 貳級線材之拉力表
Tensile Strength of A1S1-302 Wire		 262
51.9 日本工業標準 – 不銹鋼的化學成份(先數字後字母排列)
JIS – Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel (in order of number & alphabet) 		263 - 264
51.10 美國工業標準 – 不銹鋼及防熱鋼材的化學成份
(先數字後字母排列)
AISI – Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel & Heat-Resistant Steel(in order of number & alphabet)		 265 - 266
52.0 易車碳鋼
Free Cutting Carbon Steels (to JIS G4804 ) 		267 - 272
52.1 化學成份 Chemical composition 267
52.2 圓鋼枝，方鋼枝及六角鋼枝之形狀及尺寸之公差
Tolerance on Shape and Dimensions for Round Steel Bar, Square Steel Bar, Hexagonal Steel Bar 		268
53.1 易車(快削)不銹鋼 Free Cutting Stainless Steel 269
53.2 易車(快削)不銹鋼種類 Type of steel 270
53.3 易車(快削)不銹鋼拉力表
Tensile Strength of Free Cutting Wires 		271
53.4 枝/棒無芯磨公差表 (μ) (μ = 1/100 mm)
Rod/Bar Centreless Grind Tolerance		 272
53.5 易車不銹鋼及易車鋼之不同尺寸及硬度比較
Hardness of Different Types & Size of Free Cutting Steel 		272
54.0 扁線、半圓線及異形線
Flat Wire, Half Round Wire, Shaped Wire and Precision Shaped Fine Wire 		273 - 275
54.1 加工方法
Manufacturing Method 		273
54.2 應用材料
Material Used 		273
54.3 特點
Characteristic 		273
54.4 用途
End Usages 		274
54.5 不銹鋼扁線及半圓線常用材料
Commonly used materials for Stainless Flat Wire & Half Round Wire 		274
54.6 扁線公差
Flat Wire Tolerance 		275
54.7 方線公差
Square Wire Tolerance 		275